Energy Efficiency Resources
Reference guides, checklists, and helpful information to support your home energy efficiency projects.
Quick Reference Guides
R-Value Chart
Recommended R-Values by Climate Zone:
- Attic: R-38 to R-60
- Walls: R-13 to R-21
- Floors: R-25 to R-30
- Basement: R-10 to R-15
SEER Ratings
HVAC Efficiency Standards:
- Minimum: SEER 14
- Good: SEER 16-18
- Excellent: SEER 20+
- Heat Pumps: HSPF 8.2+
Window U-Factor
Energy Star Requirements:
- Northern: U ≤ 0.27
- North-Central: U ≤ 0.28
- South-Central: U ≤ 0.30
- Southern: U ≤ 0.40
Seasonal Maintenance Checklists
Spring Checklist
- Schedule annual AC tune-up and filter replacement
- Inspect and clean gutters and downspouts
- Check weatherstripping around doors and windows
- Test and clean exhaust fans in kitchen and bathrooms
- Inspect attic for moisture, pests, or insulation damage
- Clean or replace range hood filters
Summer Checklist
- Monitor AC performance and energy bills for anomalies
- Seal air leaks around windows and doors
- Install or update window treatments for solar control
- Check refrigerator coils and clean if dusty
- Inspect and clean dryer vent
- Test water heater temperature (120°F optimal)
Fall Checklist
- Schedule annual heating system tune-up
- Replace or clean furnace filters
- Reverse ceiling fan direction for winter (clockwise)
- Inspect and seal any new air leaks
- Drain and winterize outdoor faucets
- Check attic insulation levels and condition
- Test carbon monoxide and smoke detectors
Winter Checklist
- Monitor heating system performance
- Check for ice dams and address if present
- Inspect weatherstripping on garage doors
- Keep vents and radiators clear of obstructions
- Check basement for moisture or air leaks
- Review energy bills vs. previous years
Planning Your Energy Efficiency Project
Priority Order for Maximum Impact
- Air Sealing: Highest ROI, lowest cost - seal major leaks first
- Attic Insulation: Major impact on comfort and bills
- HVAC Efficiency: If system is 15+ years old, consider upgrade
- Water Heating: Heat pump water heaters offer 2-3x efficiency
- Windows: Only if single-pane or severely damaged
Understanding Energy Labels
EnergyGuide Labels
Yellow EnergyGuide labels show estimated annual energy costs and how the appliance compares to similar models. Look for:
- Estimated yearly operating cost
- Energy consumption in kWh per year
- Comparison range showing most to least efficient similar models
Energy Star Certification
Products with Energy Star labels meet strict efficiency guidelines set by the EPA. They typically use 10-50% less energy than standard models.
Rebates and Incentives
Many energy efficiency improvements qualify for rebates and tax credits:
- Federal Tax Credits: Check IRS.gov for current residential energy credits
- Utility Rebates: Contact your local utility for available programs
- State Programs: Many states offer additional incentives for efficiency upgrades
- Local Programs: Some municipalities offer rebates for specific improvements
Contractor Selection Tips
When hiring for energy efficiency work:
- Get at least three written estimates
- Verify licenses, insurance, and certifications
- Check references from recent similar projects
- Ensure warranty details are in writing
- Never pay full price upfront
Glossary of Terms
- AFUE (Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency)
- Measures furnace efficiency. Higher percentage means more heat from fuel.
- Air Sealing
- Closing gaps and cracks that allow conditioned air to escape and outdoor air to enter.
- Blower Door Test
- Professional test that measures home air leakage to identify sealing opportunities.
- BTU (British Thermal Unit)
- Standard unit for measuring heating and cooling capacity.
- R-Value
- Measures insulation's resistance to heat flow. Higher numbers mean better insulation.
- SEER (Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio)
- Measures air conditioner efficiency. Higher numbers indicate greater efficiency.
- Thermal Bridging
- Heat transfer through materials that conduct heat better than surrounding insulation.
- U-Factor
- Measures window heat transfer. Lower numbers indicate better insulation value.